diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 118de0e4..a7fdfd59 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
 * Add `X509Bundle.marshal()` and `JwtBundle.marshal()` to serialize bundles as PEM certificates and as a JWKS document, the formats read by `parse`
 * Publish a `java-spiffe-bom` Bill of Materials to align the versions of the java-spiffe modules.
 
+### Fixed
+
+* Reject X.509-SVID leaf certificates with a root SPIFFE ID path in `X509SvidValidator.verifyChain`, which `SpiffeTrustManager` uses for peer certificates (#510)
+
 ### Build
 
 * Check core and provider binary compatibility against the latest stable Maven Central release.
diff --git a/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509Svid.java b/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509Svid.java
index 5c349af9..91e4e5c1 100644
--- a/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509Svid.java
+++ b/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509Svid.java
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ private static X509Svid createX509Svid(final byte[] certsBytes,
         final PrivateKey privateKey = generatePrivateKey(privateKeyBytes, keyFileFormat, x509Certificates);
         final SpiffeId spiffeId = getSpiffeId(x509Certificates);
 
-        validateLeafSpiffeId(spiffeId);
+        X509SvidProfile.validateLeafSpiffeId(spiffeId);
         validateLeafCertificate(x509Certificates.get(0));
 
         // there are intermediate CA certificates
@@ -228,13 +228,6 @@ private static X509Svid createX509Svid(final byte[] certsBytes,
         return new X509Svid(spiffeId, x509Certificates, privateKey, hint);
     }
 
-    private static void validateLeafSpiffeId(final SpiffeId spiffeId) throws X509SvidException {
-        final String path = spiffeId.getPath();
-        if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) {
-            throw new X509SvidException("Leaf certificate SPIFFE ID must have a non-root path");
-        }
-    }
-
     private static SpiffeId getSpiffeId(final List<X509Certificate> x509Certificates) throws X509SvidException {
         final SpiffeId spiffeId;
         try {
diff --git a/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidProfile.java b/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidProfile.java
index c4a909ec..813a553c 100644
--- a/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidProfile.java
+++ b/java-spiffe-core/src/main/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidProfile.java
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import io.spiffe.exception.X509SvidException;
 import io.spiffe.internal.CertificateUtils;
+import io.spiffe.spiffeid.SpiffeId;
 
 import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
@@ -17,9 +18,17 @@ private X509SvidProfile() {
 
     static void validateLeaf(final X509Certificate leaf) throws CertificateException, X509SvidException {
         validateLeafHasSingleUriSan(leaf);
+        validateLeafSpiffeId(CertificateUtils.getSpiffeId(leaf));
         validateLeafCertificate(leaf);
     }
 
+    static void validateLeafSpiffeId(final SpiffeId spiffeId) throws X509SvidException {
+        final String path = spiffeId.getPath();
+        if (path == null || path.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new X509SvidException("Leaf certificate SPIFFE ID must have a non-root path");
+        }
+    }
+
     static void validateLeafHasSingleUriSan(final X509Certificate leaf)
             throws CertificateException, X509SvidException {
         final Collection<List<?>> subjectAlternativeNames = leaf.getSubjectAlternativeNames();
diff --git a/java-spiffe-core/src/test/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidValidatorTest.java b/java-spiffe-core/src/test/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidValidatorTest.java
index a0dcc27e..03e40f0a 100644
--- a/java-spiffe-core/src/test/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidValidatorTest.java
+++ b/java-spiffe-core/src/test/java/io/spiffe/svid/x509svid/X509SvidValidatorTest.java
@@ -64,6 +64,20 @@ void testVerifyChain_chainCannotBeVerifiedWithAuthorityInBundle_throwsCertificat
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void verifyChain_leafWithRootPath_throwsCertificateException() throws Exception {
+        CertAndKeyPair rootPathLeaf = createCertificate("C = US, O = SPIRE", "C = US, O = SPIFFE", "spiffe://example.org", rootCa, false);
+        List<X509Certificate> rootPathChain = Arrays.asList(rootPathLeaf.getCertificate(), rootCa.getCertificate());
+
+        X509Bundle x509Bundle = new X509Bundle(TrustDomain.parse("example.org"), Collections.singleton(rootCa.getCertificate()));
+        try {
+            X509SvidValidator.verifyChain(rootPathChain, x509Bundle);
+            fail("exception is expected");
+        } catch (CertificateException e) {
+            assertEquals("Leaf certificate SPIFFE ID must have a non-root path", e.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void verifyChain_noBundleForTrustDomain_throwsBundleNotFoundException() throws Exception {
         HashSet<X509Certificate> x509Authorities = new HashSet<>();
diff --git a/java-spiffe-provider/src/test/java/io/spiffe/provider/SpiffeTrustManagerTest.java b/java-spiffe-provider/src/test/java/io/spiffe/provider/SpiffeTrustManagerTest.java
index 69343954..32d875ef 100644
--- a/java-spiffe-provider/src/test/java/io/spiffe/provider/SpiffeTrustManagerTest.java
+++ b/java-spiffe-provider/src/test/java/io/spiffe/provider/SpiffeTrustManagerTest.java
@@ -400,6 +400,27 @@ void checkTrusted_leafCertificateWithAdditionalNonSpiffeUriSan_throwsCertificate
         );
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void checkTrusted_leafCertificateWithRootPathSpiffeId_acceptAnySpiffeId_throwsCertificateException() throws Exception {
+        PeerChain peerChain = createPeerChain((subject, issuerSubject, spiffeId, issuer) ->
+                createCertificate(subject, issuerSubject, "spiffe://example.org", issuer, false));
+        when(bundleSource.getBundleForTrustDomain(peerChain.trustDomain)).thenReturn(peerChain.bundle);
+
+        spiffeTrustManager = new SpiffeTrustManager(bundleSource);
+
+        CertificateException clientException = assertThrows(
+                CertificateException.class,
+                () -> spiffeTrustManager.checkClientTrusted(peerChain.chain, "")
+        );
+        assertEquals("Leaf certificate SPIFFE ID must have a non-root path", clientException.getMessage());
+
+        CertificateException serverException = assertThrows(
+                CertificateException.class,
+                () -> spiffeTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(peerChain.chain, "")
+        );
+        assertEquals("Leaf certificate SPIFFE ID must have a non-root path", serverException.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void checkServerTrusted_verifierResult_ThrowCertificateException() throws BundleNotFoundException {
         when(bundleSource.getBundleForTrustDomain(TrustDomain.parse("example.org"))).thenReturn(bundleKnown);